Combined moving-picture taking and projecting apparatus.



v R. L. WATKINS & R; HEAD. COMBINED MOVING PICTURE TAKING IAND PROJEGTING APPARATUS. 7 APPLICATION FILED JULY 16,1908. 926,970, Patented July 6, 190

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1,

R. L. WATKINS & R. HEAD. COMBINED MOVlNG PICTURE TAKING AND P ROJECTING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATIONIILED JULY 10. 1908.

Patented July 6, 1909.

4 SHBETSSHEET 2.

Hm R J R v m s E 3 3. L'. WATKINS & R. HEAD. COMBINED MOVING PICTURE TAKING AND PRQJEGTING' APPARATUS;

APPLICATION FILED JULY 10.19oa. I

' Patented July 6, 1909. "4 snn'rs snsn'r 3,.

R. L. WATKINS & Pg. HEAD. COMBINED MOVING PICTURE TAKING AND PRQJEGTING APPARATUS.

APPLIGATION FILED JULY 10 1908.

926,970, Patented July 6, 1909. 4 sung-SHE T 4v UNITED s'ritriis PATENT canton.

ROBERT L. WATKINS AND ROBERT HEAD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.; SAID HEAD ASSIGNOR TO SAID WATKINS.

COMBINED MOVIIIG-PICTURE TAKING AND PROJ'EG'lING APTPARATUS.

Specification'of Letters latent.

Application filed July 10, 1908. Serial No. 42,835.

Patented Jul 's, 1909.

T all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that we, ltonnn'r L. VVA'rKINs and honour HEAD, both citizens of the United States, and residents of the city,

county, and State of New York, have jointly invented certain new and useful Improve ments in Combined Moving-Picture 'lfal ing and Projecting Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

Our present invention relates to an apparatus, especially adapted in the form shown for use in connection with a microscope, to take a series of pictures of a given ohject and thereafter to project same alter the manner ot a ltinetoscopc upon a screen.

in the drawings which show onl one oi the forms which our invention may take, l ig'ure It is a side elevation oi an .ippuratus within our invention showing part thereof hrokcn away to reveal internal structure and showing certain other internal parts in dotted lines, the apparatus heing: shown in conned tion with a ti'iit'l'ohit'fijm l'or use iu tahin a series of pictures; Fig. 2 is a view partly in vertical section and partly in elevation of the apparatus shown in l'i inicroseo c and looliin; at the reverse side to that shown in Fig. 1; I; is a sectional view through the casing; and un elcvational view ol the contained partsas seen l'roln the left-hand in Fig 7 the t uhe 24 and connected parts heinghronen away to show the parts Johind; Fig. 4 is a view part ly in horizontal section and partly in plan on the line 4 tin Fig. 5; looking in the direction 'ot' the arrow; Fig. 5 is a view partlv in horizontal section and mill in )lan-on the line 5 in his. 8' "3 looking in the direction ol' the arrow; Fig. (5 is' a viewloolaing up at the bottom ol' the 40 devices in Fig. 3; Fig. 7 is aside elevation of our apparatus used in connection with a pro ecting lantern l'or projecting" the ict ures upon a screen; and Fig. 8 is a side elevation on a smallerscale to show an attachment useful on occasion to increase the di tance between the photographic film and the oh-- ject to vary the extent of the hold and for other purposes.'

Describing now our invei'iiion with particnlar reference to the devices ol' the drawingsfl ig. 1' shows an apparatus within ur invention, details of which are set l'orth more.

particularly in the remaining figures, said 1 ol the upper oox.

apparatus being in connection with a microl detached from the scope. The microscope and attachments are of a kind more particularly set iorth in our co-pending application, Ser. No. 440,438

filed June 26, 1908, for improvements in photomicrographic apparatus. Accordingly the microscope and attachments will be but hrielly described herein eompli'sing a microscopc A, an arc lamp B, and a pan or )ottom C, mounted on the'microsco 'm tube. 'lhc nicroseope may he of any desired construction, that shown having a tube 1, a ')il lar 2. a l'rase 3, a stage 4, clips 5 adapte to secure the slidc'6 or other object in position on. the stage, a condenser 7, and a mirror 8.

In the microscope shown the focusing is eft'ected hy adjusting the stage to and from the objective 9. The arc-lainp B when in its operative position in Fig.1 is adapted to radi-' ate light to the mirror which reflects it up through the condenser, object and microscope tuhe.

When not in operation the lamp is adapted to be folded into vertical. position alongside the microscope tube as explained ill-0131i ap plicution uhove i't-itll'ttl to, thereby making a compact arrangement of devices aclapte to he incloscd in ho 10. This is the same h'ox 13 shown in the other application Which in the prcscnt application, Fig. 1, is in its low-'m'niost position on the microscope tube. and hinged open. with the top portion of the hex hanging down. The pan (1 corresponds with the inc'iuher 4t oi the other application and comprises what may oe described as a shallow pan rcctanruh-n in outline andhaving an overhangingflange 1] around it. The pan is shown in the presentl ig. 1 in its uppermost position of vertical adjustment, the same in Figs. 2 and 6 oi the other application referred to. lt is also provided with .the same. locking devi es. comprising verticu], stems 12 operated by external handles '15-}, said stems having cancheads 14 adapted to titlfl under projections 15 on the inside of box It; and to elevate said box from the pan untih the inwardly projecting flange 17 on the box is hrought into binding contact with the. ovcrlnmging flange ii on. the pan.

"l hc hon It) forms a lower compartment to an upper box 18, the two being separable at joint it) (see Fig. 2) to permit the lifting oil 105 4 the lower box can se 'ierating it from the upper box and further,

has a. horizontal partition or floor 23 beloi'v said top. Between these is a tube 24 open at its ends. Preferably this tube enlarges in upward direction shown, its lower or smaller end being directed toward the microscope eyc-piece and its upper or larger end,

. size shown,

receiving across it the travel of the film in both tithing and projecting the pictures.

A mirror 26 is located in the tube to reflect the in'isge from a screen, which may be the iilm itself, into and through the sighttube 27. The letter may be provided with en additional tube 28 adapted at its outer end to formv a close lit with one or both eyes of the operator or it may have connected tlHjlPWlllll in light-tight manner s new of black cloth to go over the hood of t e opcrntor to prevent the entrance of light to log the sensitive film while the operator is looking at the inmgo rcllected in the mirror. Thus the operator ll he so desires, can freely View the 'lilm throughout the taking of the pictures.

At the eye-piece end of the tube is s rotating shutter consisting of dish 29 best shown in plan in Fig. 6, centrally pivoted and having opposite openings 30 located to pass under the eye-piece opening to the tube 2 1. Jr second disk 31 in all respects similar to the lirsr may be attached to the lirsl. disk and may have it set-screw and slot conncction 32 therewith, wljicroby one disk nuiy be moved relative to the other to give larger or smaller urczi lo the openings. Thus in taliing ncturcs, the openings may be of the full whereas in projcctiiur picturcs the disks will ordinarily be zrdiustcd. for smaller openings. the upper cnd oi' the tube 24 and may be conlincd at its edges between Quidus (his. 2) end may have at lmclungpiech 35 above the film to set es it support its thdlilm travels.

The lilm is contained in the upper box 13 and wound by mechanism hereinafter describcd, from a delivery reel, 36 over upon an adjacent take-up reel 37. The lilm from the delivery reel comes forward, in Fig. 3, about an idle drum 38, having projecting pins 38 received in the edge-openings M) in the film. From the drum 238 the film is delivered under n'roller 39 inclined at an angle 45 to the line of trevel,'as best shown in plan view in Fig. 4-, thence across the upper end oi the tube 24 and under a second inclined roller 40 and up over said roller and back under a second or driving druu'i 41, having also projections 38 eo engage the cdge-openings in the him.

\ nrd 44 as best shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

The lilm 33 travels across,

eeopvo When the drum ll is driven, it draws the film in the direction of the arrows in Fig". 4 from the delivery reel 36 over the idle drum 38 and idle rollers 39 end 40, whence said film being carried under the driving drum 41 as shown in Fig. 4, comes up over said lidi um end beck over the take-up reel 37.

l The mounting of the reels com rises a standard 44 extending u rightly from the top 22 of the lowenbox an has an overhanging arm: 45 pivoted at 416 thereto. The pivot joint is such, that the pi xot arm is rigidly supported from the standard, when said arm. is in either its forward position shown. in Fig. '2 or in its reverse position shown in Fig. '7. From the free end of said arm 45 )roject on either side studs 47 over which the hubs 8 of the reels 36 and 37 loosely fit. Loose on eech stud next the arm 40 is e spider 49 having yielding arms adapted to bear against the sides of the reels, which in each case are shown retained in the studs by cotter pins 50 with intermediate washers The spider 49 that bears on reel 37 carries (Fig. 3) u pulley 43 connected by belt 42 with. pulley 43 on the driving drum 41, whereby as fast as or whenever the driving drum takes up a portion of the iihn for delivery to the take-on reel, said portion of the film which would otherwise remain slack is wound on the reel by the-belt-connection in obvious manner. As soon as the sleek is taken up, the spider will slip on the reel 37 without turning it or disruptingthe film. The drums 3S and 41 are supported on e shaft 51 which. works in end bearings and for a central bearing passes through an opening in the stsnd- The end bearings are supported on feet not shown or in other suitable manner from the top 22 of the lower box. The driving drum 41 and pulley are rigid on said shalt 51, whereas the idle drum 38 turns loosely on the shaft.

The rollers 39 and 10 are rotatably supported with end pins or trunnions 53 (Fig. 4) located in bearings 54 and 55.

lvlm'ius is provided, driven by the electric motor 56, lor :mtonuuicslly end inlm'mittontly op -.r :rting the iilm to hold it stationery during the interval oi exposure (or projection) and then to progress enough length of unexposed lilm for the next picture and in turn to hold this for exposure :mdso on.

and the other of which is rotatably supported between standards 59 in the parallel relation, shown in F ig. 5, to the armature cone.

A friction disk 60 mounted rotatably on a stem 61 between collars is located between the cones to form a frictional transmission to drive cone 58 from the armature cone 57. The stem has suitable bearings and at its outer end may have screw-threads 62 and a knurled head (33, the screw-threads being re ceived through a corresponding nut 64 stati onary on the wall of the box, whereby turning the knurled head movcs'the stem in and out, and correspondingly moves thefriction disk into various positions along the cone.

Thus when the dis is in the position shown in Fig. 5 it drives cone 58 at lower speed, whereas when it is in position to the left, it increases the speed of the driven cone as will be understood.

he shaft of the driven cone has a gear wheel 65 whiclrmeshes below with a gear wheel 66 on a rotating stud 67 (Fig. 3) having at its other end a miter "car 68 in mesh with another miter gear (59 ig. 2) which is on a rotating stud 70 working at right angles to the first named stud end'having at its other end a bevelpinion 71 in mesh with. a bevel gear 72, the latter being on the vertical rotating stud 73 which operativcly supports the rotating shutter-disk 29.

Thus from the connections so f or de scribed, it will be apparent that operating the motor drives the rotating shutter through the intervening frictional and toothed gearing as set forth.

Projecting from the side of the gear wheel 65 is a pin 74 (Fi 2).working in the slot of a lever 75 pivoted at one end to the wall of the lower-box and at its other end having a slot and pin connection 76 with a pitnlan 77 which extends upwardly through an opening in the top of the lower box and. connects pivotally with an arm 78 loose on the drum shai't'51. This arm 79 has a friction pawl 79 pivotally supported therefrom, the end of said pawl being adapted on the down-stroke of the pitman to bear against the periphery 'oia friction disk 80 tight on the d rum shaft. The result of the described mechanism is that the operation 01" the motor oscillates the lever 75 and gives reciprocatingmotion to the pitma-n 77 which on its down-strohe carries the friction disk and consequently the driving drum 41 with it, whereas on its up.- stroke the lriction disk and driving drum remain stationary due first, to the disengagement of thepawl 79; and second, to the engagement with the friction-disk of a secondary pawl 81. (Fig. 2) adapted to permit the forward drive of the friction-disk but to resist and prevent its return.

fihe slot and pin connection 76 between the oscillating ev r; 75 and the pitman 77 permits,thoreati've adjustment of these partslto regulate the extent of vertical throw. of the pit-man and consequently. the extent of the angle through which the d riviug drum 41 is carried at each downward stroke.

and the shutter operating means are inter connected, it is apparent that the operation of both can be relatively timed to intermittently operate the film in proper relation to the shutter as heretofore indicated.

To use our apparatus for taking a more or less rapid succession oi pictures of a micro- SC()')l(; object, the apparatus will be connected with the microscope somewhat after the manner shown in Fig. i. If there is no sensi tive film in the apparatus, same will be inserted by removing the upper box 18 from the apparatus and inserting a reel 36 iilled witha sensitive him, this 0 oration being of course conducted in a dari of said iilm being carried around the various drums and rollers and attached to thehub of the tal e-onreel 37 heretofore indicated. The upper box is then latched back into place and the apparatus is ready "for making exposures. The object having been properly 'adiusted on the microscope stage and the llg itmg devices arranged, the operator will developed in the ordinary way and prepared if desired for projecting purposes. To use the apparatus for the latter purpose it will be i-lisconnectcd from the microscope and will further have its upper box removed to let the reels swing down into the position shown in Fig. 7 with the box on its side shown. Of course clamping means may be provided to properly secure the box 'to the table or other support. A projecting lantern will be mounted at the rear-of the ap aratus to project its light axially through tiie tube 2 1. Also a projecting lens device 82 may be secured to the front of the a paratus' ahead of the film, 'lhe-iihn containing the )icturcs to be projected contained on a dcivcry reel will now be placed in operative position and the film threaded about the drums and rollers and attached to the takeon reel in similar manner to that already do- The result is that the feed of the film to the opening r room, the end.

efter the second box has scribed in connection with the apparatus when used for photogrepbuz purpose". The

motor of the apparatus being now started, the pictures will be projected in. succession upon the screen.

The device shown in S is an attachment useful on occasion to vary the distance between the photographic film and the object and comprises o pair of telescoping tubes 90 end 91 adopted to be secured together in any position of relative adjustment by tel:- ing up on the set screw 92, the tube 90 being p orted on a box adapted to be connected Witbi pen C on the microscope tube in analogous fashion to that shown and described in connection with 1, whereas tube 91 supports pen C which in turn supports an upper and lower box, reels end film rictuet ing mechanism together with tube 2 rototing shutter, and so forth, oil of which is not shown in Fig. 8 because it rncy be a more duplication of the boxes and contained mechanism supported on the non C as in Fig. 1 end the other figures in detailed illustretion of these ports.

eving thus described our invention, We claim is:

1. A combined photographic and projecting itPPitl'fituS comprising it box adopted to be connected in light-tight fashion to a microscope tube, the top of said box having an opening with internel tube surrounding it in line with the microscope tube; e, second box located reinovably in light-tight fashion on top of the first box; film supporting devices in the second box adopted to sup art at film movebly across the opening of tie tube in the second box, sold devices being adapted to be swung out of line with the axis of the tube after the second box 'is removed and when the apparatus is being used for projecting purposes; 0. shutter adapted to control the opening in the first box means giving intermittent motion to the film; and shutter operating means opening the shut tor when the i'ilzn. is stationary across the tube opening What , and closing it when the film is in motion.

2. A combined photographic and projectr ing apparatus comprising a box adapted to be connected in light-tight fashion with. a microscope tube, said box having an opening thoretllrough in line with the microscope tube; a second box located removcbly in light-tight fashion on the first box; film supporting devices in the second box comprising guides at the box opening guiding the film across said opening and further c01n prising delivery and Wind-on reels adapted to be operated to Wind the film from the de livery reel over upon the wind-0n reel, solid reels being supported on the first box to be swung out of interfering position with light projected axially through the box opening 3663i removed and eeeerc with openings througl'z. said top and tion connected by :3, tube in line W he oi' the microscope, a second box on top said first box rernovubly connected the with in light-tight fashion; iilni support devices in the second box comp sing delivery and take-on reels and intervcnii. 3m Jig d- 5 vices adapted to guide the film across the tube opening es the iilrn travels from the do livery to the teire-on a rotetii' shuttc in the first box adapted to be CODLHlUOUSiY operated to alternately open and close the tubeopening; means giving interinit motion to the film; and shutter ope b means opening the shutter when the iilin stationary across the tube opening, and closing it when the filni. is in motion 4. In a combined photographic and proj-ecting apparatus, the combination of fillll supporting devices comprising guides at the light opening of the apparatus guid' film across said opening and furtl'ier con: ing delivery and wind-on reels adapted to be operated to deliver the film from the delivery reel to the wind-0n reel opening, said reels being supported to be moved out of interfering position with light projected axially through the light opening when the apparatus is being used for projecting purposes; and 3V ebony ber mlzipted to inclose the lilm supporting de vices and to be light-tight when the zipper-o tus is being used for photographic pnrooe 5. moving picture eppziret coin ii in con'lbinution c film delivery reel; a film Wind-0n reel a. driving member having p o jcctions received in apertures in e iilin and adapted to be rotated to draw the film across the light opening from the delivery reel, and means adapted intermittently to rotate said drivingineinber comprising a friction disk rotating Withthe driving member, a swinging arm with friction pawl-in contact with said disk, a pitman connecting said swinging arm. to an oscillating lever, and o crating means 'odaptcd to continuouslyiosci late said lever.

111 a moving picture apparatus, the combination of a film delivery reel; a film wind-on reel; a driving member having pro jections received in the apertures of the iilln and adopted to be rotated to draw the film from the delivery reel across the light opening, a shutter adapted to be operated to open S, 1 ll and close said opening; means adapted to give intermittent rotation to the film driving member comprising a friction disk rotating with the driving member; a swinging arm with friction pawl in contact with said disk, an oscillating lever, a pitman connecting said arm with said lever, continuously rotating l means connected to oscillate said lever; an operative connection between said continuously rotating means and the shutter adapted continuously to operate said shutter and to time its opening to the idle stroke'of the pitman, and its closing to the driving stroke of said pitman; vent the friction disk from being rotate by the idle stroke of the pitman.

7. In a moving picture apparatus the combination of a film delivery reel; 8 film windon reel; 8. film driving member adapted to be rotated to draw the film from the'delivery reel across the light opening; means adapted to give intermittent rotation to the drlvireig member comprising a friction disk connect with the driving member, a swingi arm with friction pawl in contact with said isk, a

and means adapted to Jre- 1 pitman, an oscillating lever, an adjustable connection between said itm an and lever adapted to vary the stro e of the pitman irrespective of the invariable oscillation of the lever, and operating means adapted continuousl to oscillate said lever.

8. In a moving picture apparatus, the combination of film supporting means adaptedto provide for the progression of the film across the light opening in the apparatus; and means adapted to view the image on the film during the taking of the pictures including a sight tube leading into the apparatus and arranged to view saidim c, said tube having an eye-opening fitted to looked into by the operator and adapted to bar the entrance of light to thefilm.

In witness whereof we have signed our names to the fore oi specification in the presence of two 511 scrr witnesses.

ROBERT .WATKINS.

, ROBERT HEAD. Witnesses:

M. Bnnrnn, HANNAH Cmusnvo. 

